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ESPERANTO AFFIXES
Esperanto makes frequent use of prefixes and suffixes to form words. This allows a large
vocabulary of words to be built up easily from a relatively small number of root words.
Any of these affixes may be used in any combination with any root with which it makes sense.
Esperanto Prefixes
Prefix | Translation |
bo- | -in-law |
dis- | dis- (scattering) |
ek- | sudden or momentary action |
eks- | ex- |
fi- | shameful, nasty |
ge- | of both sexes |
mal- | opposite |
mis- | mis- (wrongly) |
pra- | ancient |
re- | re- |
Esperanto Suffixes
Suffix | Translation |
-aĉ | contemptible |
-ad | frequent or continuous action (gerund) |
-aĵ | substance |
-an | member |
-ar | collection of |
-ĉj | male affectionate suffix |
-ebl | possibility |
-ec | abstract quality; -ness |
-eg | of great size or degree |
-ej | place |
-em | tending to |
-end | something that must be done |
-er | single, individual, unit |
-estr | leader |
-et | of small size or degree |
-id | offspring |
-ig | causing something to be |
-iĝ | becoming something |
-il | instrument; tool |
-ind | worthy of |
-ing | holder for an object |
-in | feminine suffix |
-ism | -ism |
-ist | -ist |
-nj | female affectionate suffix |
-obl | times (with numbers) |
-on | fraction (with numbers) |
-op | together (with numbers) |
-uj | container |
-ul | person possessing a certain quality |
-um | indefinite suffix |
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